Informed Consent - Skin Biopsy or Lesion Removal

A skin lesion biopsy or removal is a procedure performed for diagnosis, treatment, or cosmetic/comfort improvement. Lesions may be benign or have malignant characteristics.

The method of removal depends on the size, shape, appearance, body location, and suspicion of malignancy. The extent of the biopsy or excision is selected based on the lesion's characteristics, malignancy risk, and the need for pathological examination.

After biopsy or removal, a wound may remain that could leave a mark or scar of varying degrees.

Biopsy: superficial (shave) or deep (such as punch).

Removal: surgical excision or alternative methods such as curettage, electrocautery, radiofrequency, radiation, liquid nitrogen, laser, acid, or chemotherapy.

Malignant lesions with certain indications may be suitable for removal using Mohs surgery.

Lesion removal is usually performed under local anesthesia via injection or numbing cream.

For biopsies, stitches are usually not required, except in certain cases such as scalp biopsy for hair loss evaluation.

For surgical excision, the open wound may be left for secondary healing (typically several weeks) or closed with primary sutures, a flap, or a graft.

During the healing period, follow the wound care instructions provided during the procedure.

During recovery, avoid activities that may impair normal healing such as sun exposure, smoking, swimming in the sea or pool, or other exposure that may contaminate the treated area.

After the biopsy, the area is dressed with a pressure bandage at the clinic to reduce bleeding. If bleeding occurs, gently apply pressure to the biopsy area.

Daily, remove the bandage and clean the area with water and soap once or twice a day. If there is a dry blood crust, gently dissolve it with 3% hydrogen peroxide (do not forcefully remove the crust).

After cleaning, dry the area and re-dress with therapeutic ointment to prevent infection and allow optimal healing.

Mild pain may be expected after the procedure. Over-the-counter pain relievers (such as paracetamol or dipyrone) may be taken. Temporary numbness in the area is normal and typically resolves over time.

If sutures were placed, follow instructions for suture removal timing.

Based on the pathology results, the need for re-excision or alternative treatment will be determined.

The resulting scar depends on the nature and type of repair, individual response, and treated area. The scar size may be up to five times the original lesion size (with suture closure) or more with complex closures.

Common effects: redness, swelling, pain, discomfort, and scarring.

Possible complications: local bleeding, infection, suture dehiscence, flap/graft failure, prominent scarring, pigmentation changes, prolonged sensory disturbance, and rarely - nerve damage.